Torgau

Torgau is in the north of the German state of Saxony.

Torgau was first mentioned in a document dating from 973. By 1267 it had received the privileges of a town.

After the brothers Ernest and Albert had divided the possessions of the House of Wettin in 1485, Prince-Elector Ernest made Torgau his residence. His successor Frederick III (called "Frederick the Wise") was an avid proponent of Protestant Reformation and one of the most important supporters of Martin Luther. The church of Torgau castle was the first newly constructed Lutheran church. Torgau was therefore called the "nurse of Reformation" (while Wittenberg was considered its "mother"). Luther, Melanchthon, Justus Jonas Sr. and Johannes Bugenhagen drafted the Torgau Confession in 1530, some articles of which were later adopted into the Augsburg Confession (the Lutheran Church's primary confession of faith). Luther's wife Katharina von Bora died in Torgau in 1552.

The Kingdom of Saxony lost its northern territories, including Torgau, to Prussia in 1815.

During the last two years of World War II, Torgau was the seat of the Reich's military court where more than 1000 draft dodgers, resistance fighters and prisoners of war (mostly Americans) were executed. In 1944, 45,223 prisoners of war were registered at the Torgau POW camp (Stalag IV D), though most of them did not live at the camp but were detached to various labour battalions in the region. At the end of the war, on 25 April 1945, Torgau received international prominence as the place where Soviet troops from the east and US troops from the west first met (more accurately, the meeting took place in Strehla, 30 km south of Torgau), marking the merger of Western and Eastern front and the imminent collapse of German defense. The anniversary of the historic event is celebrated as Elbe Day.

After the war, Torgau became part of the state of Saxony-Anhalt, but the East German authorities dissolved all states a few years later, assigning Torgau to the Leipzig district. Since German unification, the town of some 20,000 inhabitants again belongs to the state of Saxony.

• Schloss Hartenfels. Former residence of the Prince-Electors of Saxony
• Schlosskirche. First Protestant church built after the Reformation.
• Stadtkirche Sankt Marien. Late-Gothic hall church. Contains the grave of Luther's wife Katharina von Bora
• Market place. With the imposing Renaissance town hall, historical pharmacy and several proud bourgeois houses.
• Gestüt Graditz, Gestütsstraße 54-56 (6 km east of downtown, across the River Elbe. Restored Baroque-style stud farm that still breeds both thoroughbreds and hybrids.

Schloss Hartenfels. Former residence of the Prince-Electors of Saxony

Schlosskirche. First Protestant church built after the Reformation.

Stadtkirche Sankt Marien. Late-Gothic hall church. Contains the grave of Luther's wife Katharina von Bora

Market place. With the imposing Renaissance town hall, historical pharmacy and several proud bourgeois houses.

Gestüt Graditz, Gestütsstraße 54-56 (6 km east of downtown, across the River Elbe. Restored Baroque-style stud farm that still breeds both thoroughbreds and hybrids.

• Ricard, Markt 9, +49 3421 715176. Mon – Fri 10:00 – 23:00, Sat & Sun 14:00 – 23:00. Small bistro, serving freshly made, mostly Italian dishes.
• Zur Schlosswache, Schloßstraße 14/16 (200 m from the castle's main gate, +49 3421 7732690. Mon, Wed – Fri 11:00 – 14:00 and 18:00 – 22:00; Sat & Sun 11:00 – 22:00; closed on Tuesdays. Upscale restaurant, mainly serving high-quality steaks
• Alter Elbehof, Werdau 12 (in the suburb of Werdau, 2 km east of downtown, across the River Elbe, +49 3421 904525. Daily 11:00 – 22:00 (closed on Mondays, only from January to March). Long-standing restaurant and brewery, using regional products.

Ricard, Markt 9, +49 3421 715176. Mon – Fri 10:00 – 23:00, Sat & Sun 14:00 – 23:00. Small bistro, serving freshly made, mostly Italian dishes.

Zur Schlosswache, Schloßstraße 14/16 (200 m from the castle's main gate, +49 3421 7732690. Mon, Wed – Fri 11:00 – 14:00 and 18:00 – 22:00; Sat & Sun 11:00 – 22:00; closed on Tuesdays. Upscale restaurant, mainly serving high-quality steaks

Alter Elbehof, Werdau 12 (in the suburb of Werdau, 2 km east of downtown, across the River Elbe, +49 3421 904525. Daily 11:00 – 22:00 (closed on Mondays, only from January to March). Long-standing restaurant and brewery, using regional products.

Torgau is located between Düben (west of the town) and Dahlen heath (to the south), both are close-to-nature areas for recreation, with light forests, popular for hiking.

• Schloss Triestewitz, Arzberg (10 km southeast of Torgau.
• Belgern town hall, Belgern (14 km southeast of Torgau. Beautiful Renaissance town hall with a 6 metre high Roland statue
• Museum der Schildbürger, Schildau (14 km south of Torgau. There is a traditional series of humorous stories about the seemingly stupid citizens of Schilda (Schildbürger) who have become proverbial (especially cited if local authorities take impractical descisions or enact silly regulations), comparable to the Wise Men of Gotham stories in England.
• Jägereiche. Decoratively carved oak pole; landmark in the middle of the Dahlen heath.
• Schmannewitz church, Schmannewitz (20 km south of Torgau. Beautiful Baroque village church, designed by George Bähr (who was also the architect of the Dresden Frauenkirche).
• Dahlen town hall, Dahlen (23 km south of Torgau. Imposing 19th-century town hall. Monument illustrating a local legend.
• Strehla Castle, Strehla (30 km southeast of Torgau. Well-preserved late-Gothic to Renaissance castle.

Schloss Triestewitz, Arzberg (10 km southeast of Torgau.

Belgern town hall, Belgern (14 km southeast of Torgau. Beautiful Renaissance town hall with a 6 metre high Roland statue

Museum der Schildbürger, Schildau (14 km south of Torgau. There is a traditional series of humorous stories about the seemingly stupid citizens of Schilda (Schildbürger) who have become proverbial (especially cited if local authorities take impractical descisions or enact silly regulations), comparable to the Wise Men of Gotham stories in England.

Jägereiche. Decoratively carved oak pole; landmark in the middle of the Dahlen heath.

Schmannewitz church, Schmannewitz (20 km south of Torgau. Beautiful Baroque village church, designed by George Bähr (who was also the architect of the [[Dresden]] Frauenkirche).

Dahlen town hall, Dahlen (23 km south of Torgau. Imposing 19th-century town hall. Monument illustrating a local legend.

Strehla Castle, Strehla (30 km southeast of Torgau. Well-preserved late-Gothic to Renaissance castle.

• Leipzig, big city with many sights and cultural life, 50 km to the southwest (50 minutes by train)
• Grimma, 50 km to the south
• Mühlberg, 25 km to the southeast
• Riesa, 40 km to the southeast
• Wittenberg, another place closely linked with Martin Luther and the Reformation, 50 km to the northwest (one hour by train)